Quay wall structure

ABSTRACT

A gravity-type quay wall comprising a rubble base stage ( 3 ) extending from the sea bottom. A lower part ( 1   a ) is constructed on the rubble base stage ( 3 ) by stacking cell block units ( 4 ) wherein each of the cell block units ( 4 ) have four walls defining a vacant space therein for filling with rubble ( 5 ). Two of the walls of the cell block units ( 4 ) are side walls ( 6,6   a ), each having one of a female key ( 13 ) or a male key ( 14 ) for mating with adjacent cell block units ( 4 ). In an upper part of a top staged cell block unit ( 4   a ) is a depressed portion ( 7 ). An L-shaped shelf-style middle part ( 1   b ) is settled on a top surface of the rubble ( 5 ) of the lower part ( 1   a ) wherein the rubble ( 5 ) is filled halfway in the depressed portion ( 7 ). An upper part ( 1   c ) is settled on the middle part ( 1   b ) with the same length and width thereof.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No.2002-3117, filed on Jan. 31, 2002.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0002] The present invention relates to a quay wall structure used forembarking and disembarking, or loading and unloading a cargo alongside apier.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0003] In general, a quay wall is properly selected on the conditions ofsize of a ship to be anchored, port environment and conditions of thelocation. Gravity type quay walls, pile type quay walls, or landing piertype quay walls are selected based on these variables. For instance,when a ship weighing more than 700 ton, as a gross weight is to beanchored to the pier, caisson type or solid block type pier structure,which are generally taken as one of the gravity type pier, is used asthe quay structure. Caisson type quay structure is superior instability, however, it needs sufficient manufacturing space and largescale construction equipment for constructing the quay structure,whereas the solid block type quay structure is not limited in usingconstruction equipment and manufacturing space, but it needs multi-stagestacking which has problems like differential settlement and non-preciseexecution and difficulties of correcting stacking error between theblocks.

[0004] There is prior art to the present invention, like Korean PatentApplication No. 2001-0023403, entitled “quay wall in which ‘caissontype’ and ‘L-shelf-type’ are combined”, and the Korean PatentApplication No. 2000-0016487, entitled “quay wall structure in whichbuffing equipment is prepared”, all in the name of the present inventor.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION AND ADVANTAGES

[0005] The present invention provides a gravity type quay wall structurecomprising a lower part in which cell blocks are stacked, a middle partin which L-shaped shelf style breaking water structures are formed, andan upper part in which concrete caps with round projections are formed.Construction of the quay wall and positioning of the parts results inlower costs, safety, and reliability of the structure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Other advantages of the present invention will be readilyappreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to thefollowing detailed description when considered in connection with theaccompanying drawings wherein:

[0007]FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a quay wall structure of thepresent invention;

[0008]FIG. 2 is a sectional view of line A-A′ illustrated in FIG. 1; and

[0009]FIG. 3 is a plan view of a cell block unit of the presentinvention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

[0010] Referring to the Figures, wherein like numerals indicate like orcorresponding parts throughout the several views, a quay wall 1 isshown. The quay wall 1 comprises a rubble base stage 3 having a widthand height extending from the sea bottom level 2 and cell block units 4stacked one upon another on the rubble base stage 3. Each of the cellblock units 4 have four walls defining a vacant space therein whichprovides communication with adjacent cell block units 4 therethrough upand down around an inner part of the four walls. The cell block units 4are stacked to form a lower part 1 a.

[0011] In a left wall 6 or a right wall 6 a of the cell block units 4, afemale key 13 or male key 14 are formed up and down thereon for matingengagement between adjacent cell block units 4 placed side by side. Inthe above cell block units 4, rubble 5 is filled. In the upper part ofthe left wall 6 or the right wall 6 a of a top staged cell block unit 4a, a depressed part 7 depressed in the center of the top staged cellblock unit 4 a is formed. When the filled rubble 5 reaches a half levelof the depressed part 7, a middle part 1 b is upwardly settled thereon.This middle part 1 b comprises L-shaped shelf structures withcompartments thereon, settled on the level of the rubble 5 of the lowerpart 1 a.

[0012] A length of a bottom surface 10 of the middle part 1 b is thesame as that of the stacked cell block units 4 of the lower part 1 a anda width of the bottom surface 10 is smaller than that of the lower part1 a. A height of the middle part 1 b may be designed by theenvironmental conditions. That is, the height of a front wall 11 of themiddle part 1 b having the bottom surface 10, may be designed accordingto sea level conditions. A height of a back wall 12 which is spaced andparallel to the front wall 11 which faces the sea may be the same asthat of the front wall 11.

[0013] The front wall 11 and back wall 12 are each vertically connectedby side walls 15,16 on which a female key 13 a or male key 14 a areformed thereon. The front wall 11, back wall 12, and side walls 15,16extend from the bottom surface 10 to define an upwardly openedcompartment 17. In front of the front wall 11, is a fore projection wall19 facing the sea. The fore projection wall 19 is formed from an upperlevel of the front wall 11 downwardly to a designated level position forbreaking wave forces. Combining this fore projection wall 19 and thefront wall 11 with side walls 20,21 defines a water cavity 18 of whichthe height may be smaller than that of the compartment 17, but thelength and width are almost the same as the compartment 17.

[0014] The fore projection wall 19 is spaced from and parallel to thefront wall 11. The side walls 20,21 perpendicularly connect ends of thefore projection wall 19 and the front wall 11. The water cavity 18 hasan open upper portion and, is closed or covered by a concrete cap 30.

[0015] On the surface of the fore projection wall 19, semi-roundprojection parts 22 are formed in multiple rows, and a plurality of seawater holes 23 are defined between the semi-round projection parts 22.In a rear surface of the back wall 12, a number of support walls 24 (inthe attached drawing, two support walls are shown), each having aninclined surface, are perpendicularly connected to the bottom surface 10and to the back wall 12. In the inner space of the compartment 17,rubble 5 is filled. Thus, the middle part 1 b of the quay wall iscompleted.

[0016] An upper part 1 c of the quay wall 1 comprises the concrete cap30 covering the water cavity 18 and the compartment 17. Hence, a bottomarea of the concrete cap 30 is the same as an upper area defining thewater cavity 18 and the compartment 17. In front of the concrete cap 30,a number of round projections 31 are forwardly formed. An earth facingconcrete plate 32 is placed in back of the concrete cap 30, and is laidon a back surface of earth 33. Thus, the gravity-type quay wallstructure 1 is completed.

[0017] A shutdown plate 34 prevents the rubble 5 from sweeping out ofthe lower part 1 a due to wave forces.

[0018] According to the improved gravity-type quay wall structure 1 ofthe present invention, improvement in construction, improvement in thefunction of absorbing wave shock, and economical advantages can beaccomplished by combining various features of the upper part 1 c, middlepart 1 b, and lower part 1 a of the quay wall.

[0019] In particular, the water cavity 18 and compartment 17 of thepreferred embodiment have a function of shock absorption and buffering,due to absorption and buffering action of the rubble 5 filled in thecompartment 17 of the middle part 1 b and filled in the cell block units4 of the lower part 1 a.

[0020] Due to the features of the above structure 1, waves pass throughthe sea water holes 23, enter into the water cavity 18, and then easilyspread and deflect, which causes the wave forces to be exhausted. Wavesalso crash on the projection parts 22 and are deflected and diffractedand rushed wave forces are absorbed and buffered in the water cavity 18.Stability of the quay wall 1 of the present invention is secure and thequay wall 1 is easily constructable.

[0021] Obviously, many modifications and variations of the presentinvention are possible in light of the above teachings. The inventionmay be practiced otherwise than as specifically described within thescope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A quay wall (1), comprising: a rubble base stage(3); a lower part (1 a) comprising cell block units (4) each having fourwalls defining a vacant space there between wherein two of said wallsare side walls (6,6 a) and each side wall (6,6 a) includes one of afemale key (13) and male key (14) thereon in a vertical direction, andeach vacant space is filled with rubble (5), and in an upper part of atop staged cell block unit (4 a) on a left wall (6) or right wall (6 a)of said top staged cell block (4 a), is a depressed portion (7); amiddle part (1 b) settled on a top surface of said rubble (5) of saidlower part (1 a) which halfway fills said depressed portion; and anupper part (1 c) settled on said middle part (1 b) with the same lengthand width thereof.
 2. A quay wall (1) according to claim 1, wherein saidmiddle part (1 b) comprises: a bottom surface (10); a front wall (11)having a length being the same as said bottom surface (10) and having awidth being smaller than that of said bottom surface (10); a back wall(12) having a height being the same as to that of said front wall (11)from said bottom surface (10), said backwall (12) being spaced from saidfront wall (11); side walls (15,16) having one of a female key (13 a)and a male key (14 a) formed thereon in a vertical direction, said sidewalls (15,16) being perpendicularly connected to said front wall (11)and said back wall (12) wherein said front wall (11), said backwall(12), and said side walls (15,16) define a compartment (17) in whichrubble (5) is filled in the space thereof and wherein said upper part (1c) is installed above said rubble (5) surrounded by said front wall(11), said back wall (12) and said side walls (15,16); a water cavity(18) having a matching length and width with said compartment (17),which is formed by connecting a fore projection wall (19) in front ofsaid front wall (11), and said front wall (11) with left and right sidewalls (20,21); semi-round projection parts (22) placed in rows up anddown on said fore projection wall (19), and a plurality of sea holes(23) defined between said semi-round projection parts (22); andsupporting walls (24) joining said bottom surface (10) and said backwall (12).
 3. A quay wall (1) according to claim 1, wherein said upperpart (1 c) comprises: a concrete cap (30) having an area being the sameas said water cavity (18) and compartment (17) and having a plurality ofround projections (31) formed on a front of said concrete cap (30); anda concrete plate (32) laid on a backward surface of earth (33).
 4. Agravity-type quay wall (1) for absorbing wave forces and for positioningon a rubble base stage, said wall comprising: a plurality of cell blockunits (4) in a stacked relationship to define a lower part (1 a), eachof said cell block units (4) defining a vacant space therein for fillingwith rubble (5), one of said cell block units (4) being a top stagedcell block unit (4 a) wherein said top staged cell block unit (4 a) isstacked above said other cell block units (4) and defines a depressedportion (7) therein; a middle part (1 b) positioned above said lowerpart (1 a) such that said middle part (1 b) settles on the rubble (5) ofsaid lower part (1 a) within said depressed portion (7), said middlepart (1 b) including a bottom surface (10) and a front wall (11) andback wall (12) extending from said bottom surface (10), said back wall(12) being spaced from and parallel to said front wall (11); side walls(15,16) perpendicularly extending from said bottom surface (10) andinterconnecting said front wall (11) and said back wall (12); a foreprojection wall (19) spaced from and parallel to said front wall (11)wherein said front wall (11) is between said fore projection wall (19)and said back wall (12); left and right side walls (20,21)interconnecting said fore projection wall (19) and said front wall (11);said front wall (11), said back wall (12), and said side walls (15,16)defining a compartment (17) for filling with the rubble (5); said foreprojection wall (19), said front wall (11), and said left and right sidewalls (20,21) defining a water cavity (18); projection parts (22) placedin rows on said fore projection wall (19) and said fore projection wall(19) defining a plurality of holes (23) between said projection parts(22); a concrete cap (30) for covering said compartment (17) and saidwater cavity (18); and a plurality of projections (31) formed on saidconcrete cap (30).
 5. A quay wall (1) for absorbing wave forces and forpositioning on a rubble base stage, said wall comprising: a plurality ofcell block units (4) in a stacked relationship to define a lower part (1a), each of said cell block units (4) having four walls defining avacant space therebetween for filling with rubble (5) wherein two ofsaid four walls are side walls (6,6 a) and each of said side walls (6,6a) include one of a female key (13) and male key (14) for mating withadjacent cell block units (4), one of said cell block units (4) being atop staged cell block unit (4 a) wherein said top staged cell block unit(4 a) is stacked above said other cell block units (4) and defines adepressed portion (7) therein; a middle part (1 b) positioned above saidlower part (1 a) such that said middle part (1 b) settles on the rubble(5) of said lower part (1 a), said middle part (1 b) including a bottomsurface (10), a front wall (11) and a back wall (12) both extending fromsaid bottom surface (10), side walls (15,16) extending from said bottomsurface (10) and interconnecting said front wall (11) and said back wall(12), and a fore projection wall (19) in front of and spaced from saidfront wall (11) and interconnected to said front wall (11) by left andright side walls (20,21), said back wall (12) being spaced from saidfront wall (11) and said side walls (15,16) including one of a femalekey (13 a) and a male key (14 a) for mating with adjacent middle parts(1 b), said front wall (11), said back wall (12), and said side walls(15,16) define a compartment (17) for filling with the rubble (5) andsaid fore projection wall (19), said front wall (11), and said left andright side walls (20,21) define a water cavity (18); semi-roundprojection parts (22) placed in rows on said fore projection wall (19)and said fore projection wall (19) defining a plurality of sea holes(23) between said semi-round projection parts (22); supporting walls(24) joining said bottom surface (10) and said back wall (12). aconcrete cap (30) for covering said compartment (17) and said watercavity (18); a plurality of round projections (31) formed on a front ofsaid concrete cap (30).